Introduction – Malignant Hypertension Malignant hypertension is a severe form of primary, but more commonly, secondary hypertension. Patients have definite ocular abnormal findings (hypertensive...

Introduction – Addison’s disease Definition Primary adrenal insufficiency. Etiology The completely dominant cause of Addison’s disease is autoimmunity in the form of adrenalitis, which may be...

Introduction – Anisakiasis Anisakiasis is a nematode infectious disease that can be caused by, among other species, Anisakis simplex (herring worm) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (cod worm). These species...

Introduction – Anaplasmosis Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is caused by an intracellularly (granulocytic) growing gram-negative bacterium formerly known as Ehrlichia, but now renamed to Anaplasma...